Ballistic dispersal: (syn. ballochory) Mode of dispersal by which the diaspores are actively or passively catapulted away from the plant. This can either happen arbitrarily or be set off by an …

Epizoochory: The inadvertent dispersal of seeds on the outside of animals. Dog owners are well aware of the dreaded burs that become entangled in their dog’s fur during a walk. …

Locule: A chamber within an ovary, anther, sporangium, or fruit; in ovary and fruit, usually corresponding to a carpel.* In this tomato cross section, the locules are the areas filled …

Pleiomerous: Having more than the usual number of parts in a floral whorl; e.g. roses (Rosa) that have a proliferation of petals.* In nature, roses (genus Rosa) have flowers with only …

Climacteric: The phase of increased respiration found at the ripening of fruit and at senescence.* Fruits such as bananas and tomatoes are climacteric and can ripen off the plant if picked …

Ligulate: With a ligule; strap-shaped.* Each ‘petal’ on these flower heads is, in fact, a tiny separate flower called a ray floret. Each ray floret produces a long, yellow strap …

Cucullate: Hooded; shaped like a hood or cowl.* These Aconitum (monkshood) in the Garden Hall Courtyard have hooded flowers. *OED Online. Oxford University Press, June 2017.

Drupe: A fleshy, indehiscent fruit with a stony endocarp surrounding a usually single seed, as in a peach or cherry.* Summer is the time for eating many delicious drupes. Peaches, …

Umbrageous: Forming or affording shade; shady.* There’s nothing like enjoying an umbrageous old tree in the summer. *OED Online. Oxford University Press.